U.N. chief António Guterres invoked a rarely exercised clause in the U.N. Charter to push for an Israel-Hamas cease-fire, warning the organization’s security council that urgent action is necessary to help Gaza avert a “humanitarian catastrophe.”

In a dramatic move, Guterres on Wednesday wrote to members of the Security Council and urged them to collectively call for a full humanitarian cease-fire.

He said that two months of war had “created appalling human suffering, physical destruction and collective trauma across Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory.”

“The international community has a responsibility to use all its influence to prevent further escalation and end this crisis. I urge the members of the Security Council to press to avert a humanitarian catastrophe,” Guterres said.

“This is urgent. The civilian population must be spared from greater harm. With a humanitarian ceasefire, the means of survival can be restored, and humanitarian assistance can be delivered in a safe and timely manner across the Gaza Strip.”

It is the first time that Guterres has invoked Article 99 of the U.N. Charter, which states that the U.N. chief “may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security.”

The move renewed personal tensions between Guterres and Israeli officials. Israeli Foreign Minister Eli Cohen on Wednesday said the U.N. chief’s tenure was “a danger to world peace” and suggested his push to activate Article 99 constituted support of the Palestinian militant group Hamas.

A U.N. spokesperson was not immediately available to comment when contacted by CNBC on Thursday. It has previously dismissed claims that it is biased over the Israel-Hamas war.

Late last month, Israel’s representative to the U.N. called for Guterres to resign, saying he had “lost all morality and impartiality.”

The call came after the U.N. chief said it was important to recognize the Oct. 7 attacks by Hamas “did not happen in a vacuum,” citing “56 years of suffocating occupation” suffered by the Palestinian people.

U.N. Spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric described Article 99 as “the most powerful tool” at the U.N. chief’s disposal, saying that Guterres had invoked the article “given the scale of the loss of human life in Gaza and Israel, in such a short amount of time.”

Dujarric added that Guterres hoped the move would ratchet up the pressure on both the council’s 15 members and the international community at large to demand a cease-fire.

The Security Council, which consists of five permanent members with veto power and 10 non-permanent members, has not yet adopted a resolution calling for a cease-fire between Israel and Hamas.

China, France, Russia, the U.K. and the U.S. all hold veto power on the council, which is regarded as the U.N.’s most powerful body.

The U.S. used that veto power on an Oct. 18 resolution that called for “humanitarian pauses” in the fighting to deliver aid to Gaza.

In mid-November, the council passed a resolution to call for “urgent and extended humanitarian pauses.”

Dubai, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES — COP28 President Sultan Al-Jaber is facing a backlash over his claim that there is “no science” behind calls for a phase out of fossil fuels — a demand that many believe will ultimately determine the success of the U.N. climate conference.

In comments first reported on Sunday by The Guardian and investigative journalism organization the Centre for Climate Reporting, COP28 president and United Arab Emirates climate chief Al-Jaber suggested a fossil fuel phase out would not allow sustainable development “unless you want to take the world back into caves.”

The remarks, which were made by Al-Jaber during a live online event on Nov. 21, have been described by scientists and advocates as “farcical,” “beyond astonishing” and verging on climate denial.

In a social media post, University of Pennsylvania climate scientist Michael Mann accused Al-Jaber of “making a complete mockery” of the COP28 talks and urged U.N. chief Antonio Guterres to speak out on the issue.

Al-Jaber was seen as a controversial choice to lead COP28 discussions in Dubai given that he also works as the head of the state-run Abu Dhabi National Oil Company.

A spokesperson for COP28 told CNBC that the story regarding Al-Jaber’s comments was “just another attempt to undermine the Presidency’s agenda, which has been clear and transparent and backed by tangible achievements by the COP President and his team.”

They said Al-Jaber has been “unwavering” in saying that keeping global warming to 1.5°C involves action across a number of areas and sectors. “The COP President is clear that phasing down and out of fossil fuels is inevitable and that we must keep 1.5°C within reach. We are not sure what this story was supposedly revealing. Nothing in it is new or breaking news.”

The 1.5 degrees Celsius temperature threshold is widely recognized as crucial because so-called tipping points become more likely beyond this level. Tipping points are thresholds at which small changes can lead to dramatic shifts in Earth’s entire life support system.

Looking ahead, “the COP President is focused on working with parties to deliver a plan that will deliver maximum transition and minimal disruption for everyone in the world,” the spokesperson said. “He has repeatedly communicated our position on fossil fuels and invited all parties to work together and come up with solutions that can achieve alignment, common ground and consensus.”

The spokesperson added that the COP28 host has been “excited with the progress” made so far and for the delivery of a decision on the global stock take. “Attempts to undermine this will not soften our resolve,” they said.

The outcry over Al-Jaber’s comments comes as COP28 gears up for a fight over the future of fossil rules.

For nearly three decades, policymakers representing nearly 200 countries at the U.N.’s annual climate conference have tried to address the chief driver of the climate crisis: the burning of coal, oil and gas.

The language of the final agreement, expected by or around the Dec. 12 end of the conference, will be closely monitored. A “phase out” commitment would likely require a shift away from fossil fuels until their use is eliminated, while a “phase down” could indicate a reduction in their use — but not an absolute end.

There’s also an ongoing debate about whether an agreement should center on “abated” fossil fuels, which are trapped and stocked with carbon capture and storage technologies, or “unabated” fossil fuels, which are largely understood to be produced and used without substantial reductions in the amount of emitted greenhouse gases.

“If we fail with the phase out on fossil fuels then we are not going to be successful on climate mitigation,” Petteri Taalas, secretary general of the U.N.’s World Meteorological Organization, told CNBC in Dubai.

Asked for a response to Al-Jaber’s comments, Taalas said there is “very clear science” behind calls for a fossil fuel phase out.

“This impact of carbon dioxide on atmospheric warming, that’s very basic physics … There’s no question about that.”

U.S. climate envoy John Kerry was also asked to reflect on Al-Jaber’s comments. In an interview with CNBC’s Tania Bryer on Sunday, Kerry replied, “That’s not the argument.”

“The G7 countries voted that there should be a phasing out of unmitigated fossil fuel emissions and what there is science for is keeping 1.5 degrees as your North Star,” Kerry said.

“Every decision we make should be geared to say, ‘does this advance the 1.5 degrees or is it going to be more destructive and take us in the wrong direction?'”

Separately, former U.S. vice president Al Gore reportedly said Sunday that the UAE’s position as COP28 host was an abuse of public trust.

“They are abusing the public’s trust by naming the CEO of one of the largest and least responsible oil companies in the world as head of the COP,” Gore said, according to Reuters.

At the time of Al-Jaber’s appointment as COP28 president earlier this year, his office said he would play a “crucial role” in building consensus “and driving ambitious climate outcomes.”

A spokesperson for ADNOC, which recently became the first among its peers to bring forward its net-zero ambition to 2045, has previously said: “All of the current energy transition scenarios, including by the IEA, show that some level of oil and gas will be needed into the future.”